California Mushrooms

Agaricus brunneofibrillosus Kerrigan nom. prov.

Methven, A.S., Zelski, S.E. & Miller, A.N. (2013). A molecular phylogenetic assessment of the genus Gyromitra in North America. Mycologia 105(5): 1306-1314.

If G. perlata & G. ancilis are con-specific, then G. ancilis is the correct name.

There are two Inocybe species in California previously misidentified as I. lilacina: I. ionocephala and I. pallidicrema.

Matheny, P.B. & Swenie, R.A. (2018). The Inocybe geophylla group in North America: a revision of the lilac species surrounding I. lilacina. Mycologia 110: 618-634.

This is the correct name for the "P. involutus" that occurs with birch. Similar species that have been called "P. involutus" and grows with oaks and pines may also need new names.

Jargeat, P., Chaumeton, J.-P. , Navaud, O., Vizzini, A. & Gryta, H. (2014). The Paxillus involutus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) complex in Europe: Genetic diversity and morphological description of the new species Paxillus cuprinus, typification of P. involutus s.s., and synthesis of species boundaries. Fungal Biology 118(1): 12-31.

Vellinga E.C., Blanchard E.P., Kelly S., Contu M., (2012). Paxillus albidulus, P. ammoniavirescens, and P. validus revisited. Mycotaxon 119: 251-359.

Zhou, L.-W., Vlasák, J., Qin, W.-M. & Dai, Y.-C. (2016). Global diversity and phylogeny of the Phellinus igniarius complex (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) with the description of five new species. Mycologia 108(1): 192-204.

Zhou, L.-W. , Nakasone, K.K., Burdsall, H.H., Ginns, J., Vlasák, J., Miettinen, O., Spirin, V., Niemelä, T., Yuan, H.-S. , He, S.-H. , Cui, B.-K. , Xing, J.-H. & Dai, Y.-C. . (2016). Polypore diversity in North America with an annotated checklist. Mycological Progress: 1-20.

P. highlandensis was a misapplied name.

Matheny, P.B., Swenie, R.A., Miller, A.N., Petersen, R.H. & Hughes, K.W. (2018). Revision of pyrophilous taxa of Pholiota described from North America reveals four species—P. brunnescens, P. castanea, P. highlandensis, and P. molesta. Mycologia: 1-20.

C. albirhiza may belong in the new genus Rhizocybe. Molecular data is needed, along with further analysis of the Clitocybe/Lepista/Rhizocybe clades.

Alvarado, P., Moreno, G., Vizzini, A., Consiglio, G., Manjón, J.L. & Setti, L. (2015). Atractosporocybe, Leucocybe and Rhizocybe: three new clitocyboid genera in the Tricholomatoid clade (Agaricales) with notes on Clitocybe and Lepista. Mycologia 107(1): 123-136.

If you choose to accept the recent division of Cortinarius into 10 genera, the correct name for this taxon is Phlegmacium albofragrans

Liimatainen, K., Kim, J.T., Pokorny, L., Kirk, P.M., Dentinger, B. & Niskanen, T. (2022). Taming the beast: a revised classification of Cortinariaceae based on genomic data. Fungal Diversity.

If you choose to accept the recent division of Cortinarius into 10 genera, the correct name for this taxon is Thaxterogaster fuligineofolius

Liimatainen, K., Kim, J.T., Pokorny, L., Kirk, P.M., Dentinger, B. & Niskanen, T. (2022). Taming the beast: a revised classification of Cortinariaceae based on genomic data. Fungal Diversity.

If you choose to accept the recent division of Cortinarius into 10 genera, the correct name for this taxon is Phlegmacium percome

Liimatainen, K., Kim, J.T., Pokorny, L., Kirk, P.M., Dentinger, B. & Niskanen, T. (2022). Taming the beast: a revised classification of Cortinariaceae based on genomic data. Fungal Diversity.

If you choose to accept the recent division of Cortinarius into 10 genera, the correct name for this taxon is Phlegmacium superbum

Liimatainen, K., Kim, J.T., Pokorny, L., Kirk, P.M., Dentinger, B. & Niskanen, T. (2022). Taming the beast: a revised classification of Cortinariaceae based on genomic data. Fungal Diversity.

If you choose to accept the recent division of Cortinarius into 10 genera, the correct name for this taxon is Calonarius xanthodryophilus

Liimatainen, K., Kim, J.T., Pokorny, L., Kirk, P.M., Dentinger, B. & Niskanen, T. (2022). Taming the beast: a revised classification of Cortinariaceae based on genomic data. Fungal Diversity.

Fomitopsis mounceae ???
Fomitopsis schrenkii ???

Haight et al. (2019) described Fomitopsis mounceae and F. schrenkii from North America as new species, distinct from F. pinicola of Europe. They indicated that F. pinicola represented a single species in Europe, not a complex. North American populations that they described as the new species F. mounceae are fully sexually compatible with F. pinicola from Europe based on single spore isolate matings (proven by Mounce and Macrae in 1938), suggesting that the two entities belong to the same biological species. Although they had single spore isolates of F. schrenkii, they did not report mating them to isolates of F. mounceae, so whether these two “species” are sexually compatible or intersterile is not known. ITS sequences at what they reported as taxonomically and diagnostically important sites helping to distinguish species within the F. pinicola complex differ by only one base pair between F. mounceae and F. schrenkii. Moreover, the morphological and ecological features of these two “species” documented by the authors are nearly indistinguishable, differing only by basidiospore Q-values (spores slightly broader in F. schrenkii). Based on the data provided in the Haight et al. paper, and given that the North American populations of F. mounceae are sexually compatible with F. pinicola, it is equally reasonable to recognize the North American F. mounceae and F. schrenkii (which are sympatric at least in Utah) represent populations of F. pinicola in the process of  allopatric speciation. We are hesitant to recognize them as distinct new species. Fomitopsis ochracea, also reported in their paper, is clearly a species distinct from F. pinicola based on the data they provided.

Haight, J.-E., Nakasone, K.K., Laursen, G.A., Redhead, S.A., Taylor, D.L. & Glaeser, J.A. (2019). Fomitopsis mounceae and F. schrenkii—two new species from North America in the F. pinicola complex. Mycologia 111(2): 339-357.

Hygrophorus hypothejus seems to be restricted to Europe. Hygrophorus siccipes and Hygrophorus boyeri are possible names for our California material. More data is needed to clarify the name of our taxon or taxa.

Moreau, P.-A., Bellanger, J.-M., Lebeuf, R., Athanassiou, Z., Athanasiades, A., Lambert, H., Schwarz, C., Larsson, E. & Loizides, M. (2018). Hidden diversity uncovered in Hygrophorus sect. Aurei (Hygrophoraceae), including the Mediterranean H. meridionalis and the North American H. boyeri, spp. nov. Fungal Biology 122(8): 817-836.

This is a species complex, more research is needed to determine our California taxon. P. multiplex is found in the Eastern U.S. and Canada plus China and Japan.

Voitk, A., Saar, I., Trudell, S., Spirin, V., Beug, M. & Kõljalg, U. (2017). Polyozellus multiplex (Thelephorales) is a species complex containing four new species. Mycologia 109(6): 975-992.

Postia ceasia is not known to occur in North America. A candidate name for our species is Postia simulans, but more data/research is needed on western North American collections.

Miettinen, O., Vlasák, J., Rivoire, B. & Spirin, V. (2018). Postia caesia complex (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in temperate Northern Hemisphere. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 1(1): 101-129.

Shen, L., Wang, M., Zhou, J., Xing, J., Cui, B. & Dai, Y. (2019). Taxonomy and phylogeny of Postia. Multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomy of the brown-rot fungi: Postia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) and related genera . Persoonia 42: 101-126.